If you use SSH Logins to your Systems, you perhaps want to know, who logged in last days and from which IP Address. Screenshot SSH Login Echo LAST Info: Howto: Open the .profile File at your Home with a Editor and enter: clear last -n 4 This will echo after login the last 4 Logins including the used IP’s To prevent Hackers to purge the lines set the .profile File “readonly” sudo chmod 444 .profile sudo chown root:root .profile
Category: Newbie Info
Ubuntu: Release Change
If you use Ubuntu on your Systems, you perhaps read last weeks about a new Release Version. I am often asked, must i upgrade now? My answere at first is not really, cause the new Versions are not cleaned up by all bugs and the User or Admin must recheck against the new advantages of the new Releases for production usage. I prefer to wait 3 Month after a Release by Ubuntu is published. But if you setup a very new Hardware your are often forced to take the LAST Release Version, cause it supports newest Hardware Chips by the […]
Password: Simple script generator on a linux console
If you need a password creator for your daily needs you can do this with a default tool called openssl / libressl and a small bash script: Howto: open a console open as user a editor like nano or vi with $nano pwcreate.sh insert this: #!/bin/sh /bin/bash -c "for i in {1..20}; do openssl rand -base64 32; done" exit 0 exit and save the script set it to runable with $chmod 755 pwcreate.sh test it.. with ./pwcreate.sh should echo like this: 6gUUuothdHwwaWHjA/UhyCiV3FWpPC1lBQTIY3IiQn8= ozqloLyWXQyBJlcVXPVLY2PBpRV04uVkWrP6c1epxCs= gjLE6MWeK+c6EBx1wV/uUxubtrLoeUpXb4GCIEQK3b8= X4RoYhASR6i4BfwDYoB2+/gNWY1P35MM6jJYaOEpV0M= dXoLBGrRC+oei6cm6N1bD8k/ntZi5grtKLEH6SytTXQ= 2DZ1yAi96xvGlHQLQoexUhPc2w1iIqoeVW8zHaMmsvU= Vmq4r5ZXC2EKu5Ze7SLBbKavpkLQC0RRrXEGlDmxfpY= FSXmp+cVKPvpq/JhyhuGHJ2ue3L6hLEcX6XfkUCrYqg= GvbWjPYvoOWJPOMOG6oihGFQv9wNgwZO2Go/ogJkmBM= z6P+VHsGBPKTpR6yzThKjyGVVwa/WWtuv/G/aO27bEM= qBozaA2PMMy+zhVrvUNVSbP2mg9KshsXYfTzuTvmlkI= ARYyGx2dE1yfPJydBlvaNXpKmRbZI7CHbcCPDHgTcNo= 7PrqMZqFJ7gqeGzWjdqFCdIHvnl3vgoYAxiL4wN2Jcw= q6Wwi1rG0j0WqXuUhdIpZ2C7BergeqSExDv87a/DIsw= d7R6nCuYo6lo+gFiwroaAeG5RxPxWrPDf8oJxv+toHU= 7EQZysp2leEqP6eDp8M6+DeT71gpyqYEiSzMvMLjMys= B7J3JdrDxFCW3rV09Ut+wLukVgSUk41SroBQTzrgirY= yXrgYLD2YK2DN+aZCF4N6WXO/IL5RC6JM2mxW3xAnbc= Wr/QF46wo5Dtobl5maojZc2jrF4bvO1sNWed8OpTsTc= […]
Ubuntu: Create USB Live System Stick for Live Mode or Emergency Help
For all Users, especially Newbies its VERY helpful to have a Rescue System on a USB Stick if a Major Update/Release Change fails or break the System. To this the Ubuntu-ON-RAM Live System is very useful at public shared PCs for Online Banking etc., cause after every reboot all old Firefox Data are safe deleted!! How to create this VERY helpful Tool Stick for free? All you need is the latest Ubuntu-ISO file (AMD64-15.04 – 64bit) a new 4/8GB USB Stick (take a good Brand! to get a high quality tool). Howto: Burn the ISO to DVD/CD (NON-Linux-PC) Boot your […]
Ubuntu Debian: Installer Messages during Installation Realtime Debug Installer Mode
If you boot your PC on a Setup CD into “live” mode after some time the Desktop Unity or Gnome starts. After successful testing the PC with the current Drivers and Kernel you can select “Install” by pressing the icon left on the desktop. But here the Problem appear that you dont see any informations about bugs, crashes, or other major messages during the setup. Without this you are not able to find any errors later, or you cant tell a supporter what happend! Workaround (#comments!): Always open a gnome-terminal as first step instead of pressing the installer icon! move the gnome-terminal […]
Debian: Update SSD Firmware without CDROM
If you want to update the SSD Firmware of a device you should know some things: Do you REALLY need the update? Bugs? If NOT exit here! Firmwareupdates can destroy DATA on Drives! Data cant be restored if the Controller fails after Update Downgrade a Firmware to older is most IMPOSSIBLE!! .. now you need a USB Stick 4GB and the ISO File of the Firmware Disk of the Manufacter then open the Gnome Terminal or Console and: $sudo su – #become root $apt-get update && apt-get install unetbootin gparted # install the tools $dd if=/dev/null of=/dev/sdc bs=10240 count=1 # […]
Debian: Auto Update System Daily without special Tools
If you want to have a full automatic Update on your System then open a Gnome Terminal / Linux Console run (# Comments): $sudo nano /root/update.sh enter: #/!bin/bash apt-get update #pull updates apt-get dist-upgrade -y # install updates apt-get clean #clean update database for next pull to have clean source urls exit 0 save with CTRL+X # save+Exit $sudo chmod 755 /root/update.sh # make able to run Setup Timeplan: $sudo su – # change to root users console with environment $crontab -e # open root timer enter: @daily sh /root/update.sh > /dev/null 2>&1 save with CTRL+X and be happy the […]
Ubuntu Vivid: Things you should change after fresh setup
If you Setup Ubuntu 15.XX on a PC there are a few things to change: open a Gnome Terminal an run (# Comments): $sudo apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade #Pull Updates $sudo adduser CrazY12U$ERNAME # Create a crazy Username (Standarduser, no sudo, no lpadmin) for daily work! to prevent social engineering Hacks $sudo chmod 700 /home/* # to prevent that other users look into each other homes! (check root home to “ls -l /root) $sudo passwd root # SET long Password (min.15 digits) for the root User to prevent PC recovery Console Access without Password!!! Keep Password save! $sudo apt-get […]
Ubuntu: Recover Data from old Luks Encrypted HDD to new HDD
If you prefer to use encrypted Devices you ran into a problem if you try to move, migrate or recover the files from the old luks protected home. As normal User you should know that luks is used with LVM2 Logicial Volume Manager, which manages the partitions “named based”. Major Info! Ubuntu prename the volume group with the Setup-DVD all time to the same VG_NAME called “ubuntu-vg”!!! So what do you need to migrate or recover? Download the ubuntu DVD and burn it to a disc Insert the new HDD to the Sata1 Port Plugin the ubuntu DVD for Setup […]
Backup your PC with Linux Full Disk Snapshot Free Tool with Diskdump
Today a User is forced to Update daily his System or change anything to try new Software. But here mostly the Users run into very BAD PROBLEMS. I got often Calls that Users lose the control of the PC after Updates, Software Setups, Software Removal’s .. For this Linux offers a default Backup Tool, called Diskdump (“dd” command) which is on every Setup/Recover CD and Installation. Before any Changes do allways a Backup to USB Drives, Sticks or Second SATA Disk! This will save you TIME, Money, DATA and Nerves! Backup : Mount the Disk 2 on Path /mnt as […]
Ubuntu Debian: Setup on older Hardware NO UEFI Workaround Black Screen No Boot
Todays current Hardware Bios uses a new Software Interface to boot. Thats called “UEFI” Newer Linux Versions Support this Hardware Setup by default! BUT these settings makes users (Newbies/Office Users) mostly impossible to setup the System on older Hardware, cause the “Setup Routines” does not detect the older Bios! Here the User must interact manual to force the Setup! Cause the Setup tries to create a Harddrive Partition with a seperated UEFI Partition! See “parted” output on Console! Now if your Setup is made and you Reboot a older Non-UEFI PC you run into “Black Screen”! Especiallly if you setup […]
Ubuntu: Advantage of Classic Desktop Openbox
I am often asked what is the best Desktop Software for Linux? a good Desktop must be fast by window handling, easy to read and needs less hardware resources the fonts must be clear and easy to read animations should not break the operations, glossy windows should by easy to switch off a taskbar should always show you which apps are active and opened a taskbar should not group icons! a progam menu should open fast and should wait for user interactions, special for newbies or older people! a good Desktop Software should not force you to the need of […]